Program Flow is what you think it is. How the program
will flow. As you know the compiler will just go down the code. Program
flow is what you use to make it run a certain thing a few times, do
something based on a variable, etc... There are some basic comands to
program flow. The first two are loops: While and For. When you want
something to loop for an amount of times based on a variable, use
while. If you know how many times you want something to run, use for.
If and else statements are pretty self explanable. Dont be afraid, I
will go over all the syntaxes and how to do everything!
The For
Loophttp://www.syschat.com Use a for loop when you know how many times
you want something to run. For example, we want to have an application
that counts from 0 to 50 and count by fives. To do this we would need a
for loop. Here is how you do it:
for(DEFINE VARIABLE; WHEN IT SHOULD STOP; How much you count every time the program runs){Code you want to run.
}
Ok, so with our 0-50 program, we would do the following:
for(int x = 0; x < 51; x=x+5){
cout<<
If we wanted to count by ones, we would make the last statement x++.
While Loops
When you want to have something run multiple times, but you dont know
how many, use a while loop. For example, we have a program that will
ask if you want to exit and keep running until you type 'y'. Making a
while loop is pretty simple:
while(case)
{
code...
}
How to write a case: Most are pretty easy, for example: x>8 However, they can get tricky: her is a list of operators to use:
Eqaul: ==
And: &&
Or: ||
Greater than or equal to: >=
Not Equal to: !=
The program that we are going to make checks if the user is writing a 'y'? So the case is going to be: While(exit!='y')
Full Code:
char exit = 'n';
while(exit=='n')
{
cout<<"Do you want to Exit (y/n)?";
cin>>exit;
}
If Statements
If you want something to run if something has a certain value, you can
use an if statement. To do that, you type: if(case){code;}. If you want
something to run that does not fit into that if case, you can use an
else statement. To do that, you just write else{ code; } The example I
am going to show you will ask someones age and say if they are old
enough to drive or not:
int age;
cout<<"Age: ";
cin>>age;
if(age >=16){
cout<<"You are old enough";
}
else{
cout<<"You have "<<16-age<<" More years.";
}
cin>>age;
Go out and make a program!
I have thought up a good challenge for you that will use all the topics
I have covered on this lesson: Try to make a program that will draw a
box based on user input. If the user types more than 60, they have to
pick a smaller number. Hint: You can put a for loop inside a for loop,
and you are going to need to make the user type x, which is also going
to be the y value because it is a square. If you need help, dont be
afraid to ask, I can tell you how to do it or a hint if you want
